Garret Hardins Tragedy of the Commons and Plato and Marx...

Garrett Hardin developed the concept of the Tragedy of the Commons. The basic concept is a giant pasture that is for everyone to have a piece of land and for the herdsman to have as many cattle a possible to sustain the land. This land should be able to maintain itself for quite a long time because of cattle dying as well as the population staying relatively stable. But at some point the population will begin growing and the herdsman will want to maximize their profits by having more cattle, which in return the land cannot sustain. The herdsman receives all the profit from adding one more animal to the pasture so the herdsman will eventually begin adding more cattle, but the overgrazing caused by that added animal will destroy the land†¦show more content†¦Marx says that private property is the product of alienated labor and the means by which labor alienates itself. Marx believed that the idea of communal property could not be achieved in a capitalistic society. But that the abolition of private property was essential for the ideal society. Marx says, Communism is the positive transcendence of private property, or human self-estrangement, and therefore is the real appropriation of the human essence by and for man. It is a complete return of man to himself as a social (i.e., human) being. The transcendence of private property is the complete emancipation of all human senses and attributes.(Communist Manifesto) Plato, in his Republic, outlined a society with communal holding of property; his concept of a hierarchical social system including slavery. In The Republic, Socrates describes the abolition of private families and limitation on private property in the two guardian classes. Plato proposed the communal ownership of property by an intellectual ruling class, to put the welfare of the state above personal desire and moderate the greed of the producing classes. He also describes the living conditions of the guardian classes in the ideal city. He shows the strict limitation on private property as well as all the regualtions the rulers

The Business Skills Development Program - 869 Words

During the last six months of the Business Skills Development Program, the Institute completed its 75 hour-long entrepreneurial curriculum in fifteen Saturday sessions. Twenty-three students registered for the Entrepreneurship Fundamentals course, and ten successfully graduated from the course. Instructional services such as class lectures, guest speaker presentations, and supervised writing assistance all contributed to their completion of a business plan. On the other hand, absences and withdrawals were experienced after the 3rd and 4th day of the class schedule. However, it should be noted that such issues with class attendance and withdrawals are common in an adult educational setting, and are in line with what we have observed with our adult educational program. In spite of absences experienced during the course schedule, these course graduates did a great job catching up with class lessons missed, and were proactive in the writing assistance component of the class; thus, their efforts to continue and completing the course also allowed for each graduate receiving a certificate of completion and small ceremony acknowledging their accomplishments. However, it should be noted that the Institute’s Entrepreneurship Fundamentals course began in spring and ran through the summer. As a result, this schedule duration became an inconvenience for some students but most importantly it contributed to our low class retention. Although students of various skill levels becameShow MoreRelatedRoles And Development Of Mncs880 Words   |  4 Pagesannouncement, SAP unveiled a 3-year program to provide its workforce (for mentoring), its technology, and financial capital (EUR 2 million) to support high impact entrepreneurs identified by Endeavor Global and other non profits in these locations. SAP promotes the volunteering of its workforce in a variety of social projects. For the Emergent Entrepreneur Initiative, SAP employees mentor emergent entrepreneurs on â€Å"technology innovation, design thinking and business leadership engagements.† This commitmentRead MoreDevelopment Of Business Management Aptitude880 Words   |  4 Page ssignificant emphasis upon helping businesses advance their long term capabilities while simultaneously pursuing current opportunities. 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An Analysis of William Butler Yeats The Second Coming free essay sample

The Second Coming, written by William Butler Yeats, was published nearly one year atter the end ot the First World War. and during a time when many traditional ideas were being questioned and overturned. Those who lived through the war felt that It was catastrophic (nine million people lost their lives), while still others felt the reasons for going into war were Ill conceived. In the end, many were not convinced that the war to end all wars had actually solved anything. The Second Coming could be viewed as Yeats own commentary on what was thought to be the end of a ying era, and the beginning of more progressive one. While Yeats believes that the upheaval hes deplctlng In his poem Is necessary, recurring, and Inevitable, he tears what It may cost society, and Is very ambivalent about what the future holds. In the first half of his poem, Yeats paints a picture that many can relate to the end times, found in the book of Revelations of the Christian Bible. We will write a custom essay sample on An Analysis of William Butler Yeats The Second Coming or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Written in prose, he describes the end of the existing world order, brought forth by death, war, destruction, and chaos. The disastrous event Yeats describes in his poem is toreordained with the image ot a gyre, or wheel. Turning and turning in the widening gyre- (1) literally means that a big wheel Is turning, This wheel could also be considered along the lines of a Wheel of Fortune card In d tarot deck, meant to reflect destiny, fate, superior forces, or movement. In the second line, Yeats describes the chaos around him with the imagery of the falconer whos lost control of his falcon, followed with the line Things fall apart; (3). Falconry, once considered a symbol of high status during the medieval time period, could possibly indicate a shift in social and class structures. The image Yeats may be depicting is that ot a world, which at one point had some kind of order and purpose, was now falling apart and becoming more chaotic. The remainder of the stanza depicts a pandemonium erupting from the disorder, closing with very little hope for a positive outcome as the worlds most insidious people advance through the exploitation of others. In the second half of Yeats The Second Coming, Yeats begins to contrast the apocalypse of Christian theology with sphinx imagery found in both Egyptian and Greek mythology. This comparison relates to the Idea that Yeats was very skeptical bout the outcome to the societal upheaval that was taking place during the early 20th century. In the 300k of Revelations, the apocalypse was ultimately regarded as d necessary evil. One in which the forces of good permanently triumph cwer the forces of evil, ushering in an era of peace where Christ reigns upon the Earth. But just as Yeats begins to consider whether this reckoning will bring forth an age of prosperity as prophesied in the Bible. h‚Â ¬s troubled with the horrific vision ot a sphinxlike deity. This Image was said to have come from splrltus Mundl, or splrlt world, predating the Book of Revelations, and possibly time Itself. In Greek mythology, the Sphinx was d merciless demon of destruction that was said to have guarded the gates of Thebes, testing travelers with a riddle, and devouring anyone who could not provide her with humanity wouldnt actually get to experience a period of growth and progressiveness after the First World War, leaving him to question the purpose of these trials and tribulations, and whether they were all for naught. In lines 16 and 17, Yeats describes a flock of indignant desert birds (17) spinning all about the sphinxlike eity. The word indignant, meant to convey a righteous anger, is being applied to what X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia regard as the harbingers of a new age, as stated in the seventh edition of Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Writing. While Yeats never specified the species of desert bird in his poem, the word desert does hint at its biological classification. Deserts are often associated with death for the reason that so few plants and animals are able to survive its arid conditions. This would suggest that the birds may have been carnivorous in nature, eeding off the dead and putrefying flesh of the disadvantaged people indirectly caught up in the revolution. Perhaps the desert birds are angry because they feel as though theyVe been denied their due compensation. Kept at bay for centuries, these harbingers of a new age may also be seen as opportunists ready to capitalize off of the prophecy they have long waited to see fulfilled. In the last four lines of his poem, Yeats again refers back to Christian theology. Twenty centuries ago, or 2000 years rather, was roughly the same time period in which Jesus Christ walked upon the Earth.

Compare and contrast the two worlds of Venice and Belmont depicted in Shakespears The Merchant of Venice Essay Example

Compare and contrast the two worlds of Venice and Belmont depicted in Shakespears The Merchant of Venice Paper The Merchant of Venice is a play written by Shakespeare. It corresponds two very contrasting stories and settings. One of these stories takes place in 16th century Venice and the other from Shakespeares imagination, Belmont. Both the stories have such different settings in them, which Shakespeare deliberately does. Theres The Bond Story, which takes place in Venice and then theres The Casket Story which takes place in Belmont. Both have totally different atmospheres and conflicting stories. Each setting forms the backdrop to two very different stories. The two settings have very dissimilar natures. Venice is a trading city with a thriving community. Venice is the centre of International trade making it a wealthy city. Shakespeare makes passing references to the citys features; Signor Antonio, many a time and oft In the Rialto you have rated me We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast the two worlds of Venice and Belmont depicted in Shakespears The Merchant of Venice specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast the two worlds of Venice and Belmont depicted in Shakespears The Merchant of Venice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast the two worlds of Venice and Belmont depicted in Shakespears The Merchant of Venice specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer About my monies and my usances He continues; Since that the trade and profit of the city Consisteth of all nations. Therefore go. Belmont on the other hand comes from Shakespears imagination. Belmont is very femininely dominated. Its a wealthy city like Venice. Belmont is a fairy tale world of love and romance, which Shakespeare imagines it to be. It is a harmonious and tranquil city. Although we are not told if it is an island or not, we get passing references that give us a hint it is an island as it is described as a beautiful, opulent mansion; The watery kingdom, whose ambitious head Spits in the face of heaven, is no bar To stop the foreign spirits, but they come This shows the reader that the house must be a luxurious mansion. The phrase the watery kingdom shows it is Neptunes realm. Portia also shows the reader that her house is great; when Bassanio picks the right casket describes her house as this fair mansion. Belmont is the home of the rich Portia. Portia lives in a beautiful great mansion; But now I was the lord Of this fair mansion, master of my servants This shows that Belmont is magnificent, peaceful and tension free. The complete opposite to Venice. There are two main stories The Bond Story and The Casket Story. The bond story takes place in Venice and the casket story takes place in Belmont. Venice is a wealthy, trading city where much business man live. It consists of dramatic, tense events and is a place full of unhappy and unkind people, however it could be said that it also has a vibrant street life. The scenes in Venice mostly take place on the streets. It is very masculine. It is a mercantile risk-taking city. This is where the serious side of the play takes place. On the other hand Belmont is a city, which reflects tranquil, harmonious comedy. The main character of the bond story is the rich Jew, Shylock. He is the moneylender. The other characters in the casket story are Bassanio, an Italian lord who is a suitor to Portia, Antonio, a merchant of Venice. The main plot of the story is, that Bassanio wants to go to Belmont to marry Portia, however doesnt have enough money, so his good friend Antonio wishes to borrow money from Shylock to give to Bassanio to go to Belmont. Yet Shylock and Antonio hate one another; You call me misbeliever, cut throat dog, And spit upon my Jewish gaberdine This shows that Antonio has such hatred of Shylock. However Shylock lends Antonio three thousand ducats, but for a very harsh price; let the forfeit Be nominated for an equal pound Of your fair flesh, to be cut off and taken In what part of your body pleaseth me As you can see Shylock is asking for exactly a pound of fair flesh from Antonio, from whatever part of the body he chooses. This makes the bond a murderous one especially between Shylock and Antonio. Shylock wants revenge for the many times he as a Jew has been hurt. This side of the play is dominated by hate. The main themes that take place in Venice are hatred, religious intolerance, revenge, greed and prejudice. This reflects upon the city as being murderous, dramatic and tense. Whereas Belmont on the other hand is a city of Love, marriage, romance and comedy. Belmont is an aspect of the play, which brings the comedy, fairytale romance into perspective. It changes the play from tense and murderous to fun and comedic. It breaks up the dark, horrid features of Shylock and adds gentle, beautiful features of Portia and Bassanio and Lorenzo and Jessica; an equal pound of your fair flesh, to be cut off and taken to How sweet the moonlight sleeps upon this bank! This also shows that Belmont is a peaceful, moonlit and calm place to be whereas Venice is masculine and tense. The casket story is set in Belmont; it mainly captures Portia, and her great beauty; In Belmont is a lady richly left, And she is fair, and fairer than that word- Of wondrous virtues. Sometimes from her eyes I did receive fair speechless messages The prince of Morocco repeatedly calls Portia as fair Portia. This shows her beauty. He also says all the world desires her. The comedic features take place in Belmont, when the suitors arrive. Before Portias father died he wanted to make sure she would marry the perfect man so he planed a test. He made three caskets; one gold, one silver and one lead. First came the prince of Morocco, he choose the Gold casket which was incorrect, then came the prince of Aragon, he choose the Silver casket which too was incorrect then finally came Bassanio he choose the casket that was made from lead and that was correct. Bassanio and Portia rejoice, Gratiano marries Nerissa and Lorenzo marries Jessica. The main themes here are love, marriage, romance and comedy. The societies represented in the two settings are very different. The Venetian society is energetic, opulent, full of wealthy confident young men for example; Bassanio, Lorenzo, Gratiano, Salarino and Salanio. They enjoy good fellowship and help each other through life for example when Gratiano and Salarino help Lorenzo elope with Jessica. Another example is when Antonio helps Bassanio court Portia. However they make life intolerable for those outside their group; Fair say, you spat on me on Wednesday last, You spurnd me such a day, another time You calld me dog: and for these courtesies Ill lend you thus much monies This shows that Antonio makes life intolerable for Shylock. This shows that Antonio has been so cruel to him simply because hes a Jew. Venice is a city full of dramatic tensions, especially racial tension; between the Christians and Jews. Shylock says; I hate him for he is a Christian This shows his hatred towards Christians, especially Antonio. They both hate each other simply for the fact that they are different religions; Antonio being Christian and Shylock being Jewish. Belmont is very different to the Venetian society. Belmont is a place of wealth and luxury. Portia lives in a mansion and when the prince of Morocco arrives there, he enters to a flourish of cornets. This shows Belmont is a place of harmony and ease free from the commercial bustle of Venice, and the racial tension. Both Belmont and Venice have different atmospheres, Venice being energetic and exciting. A city full of dramatic tensions for example racial tension, mercantile risk taking, when Antonio borrows money from Shylock in the hope that several ambitious business ventures will produce large profits; Why, fear not, man, I will not forfeit it. Within these two months, thats a month before This bond expires, I do expect return Of thrice three times the value of this bond This shows there is a lot of competition and rivalry, especially between two of the plays central figures Antonio and Shylock. Belmonts atmosphere on the other hand is calm, peaceful, and free from the tensions of Venice; How sweet the moonlight sleeps upon this bank! Here will we sit, and let the sounds of music Creep in our ears; soft stillness and the night Become the touches of sweet harmony Shakespeare has chosen to set The Merchant of Venice in two very different settings because the play has two very different stories in it. One reason could be to provide a sharp and dramatically effective contrast. Another reason maybe The Venetian setting provides us with the serious side of tension. Conversely Belmont gives us the Casket story, which lightens the mood throughout the whole play, because Shakespeare has chosen to go back and forth from Belmont to Venice. For example the great drama of the court scene just before the plays end is immediately followed by the romance and gentle comedy of the plays final scene, the coming together of the three lovers, Bassanio and Portia, Gratiano and Nerissa and Lorenzo and Jessica. The play finishes in Belmont on a note of love and harmony rather than in Venice on a note of hatred, vengeance and betrayal.

Fun Family History Activities for Family Reunions

Fun Family History Activities for Family Reunions Like many families, you and your relatives may have made plans to get together this summer. What a great opportunity for sharing stories and family history.  Give one of these 10 fun family history activities a try at your next family reunion to get people talking, sharing and having fun. Memory T-Shirts If you have more than one branch of an extended family attending your reunion, consider identifying each branch with a different colored shirt. To further incorporate the family history theme, scan in a photo of the branchs progenitor and print it out on an iron-on transfer with identifiers such as Joes Kid or Joes Grandkid. These color-coded photo t-shirts make it easy to tell at a glance who is related to who. Color-coded family tree name tags offer a more inexpensive variation. Photo Swap Invite attendees to bring their old, historic family photos to the reunion, including pictures of people (great, great-grandpa), places (churches, cemetery, the old homestead) and even previous reunions. Encourage everyone to label their photos with the names of the people in the photograph, the date of the photo, and their own name and an ID number (a different number to identify each photo). If you can get a volunteer to bring a scanner and laptop computer with a CD burner, then set up a scanning table and create a CD of everyones photos. You can even encourage people to bring more photos by offering a free CD for every 10 photos contributed. The rest of the CDs you can sell to interested family members to help defray costs of the scanning and CD burning. If your family isnt very tech-savvy, then set up a table with the photos and include signup sheets where people can order copies of their favorites (by name and ID number). Family Scavenger Hunt Fun for all ages, but an especially good way to get the kids involved, a family scavenger hunt ensures plenty of interaction between different generations. Create a form or booklet with family-related questions such as: What was great-grandfather Powell’s first name? Which Aunt had twins? Where and when were Grandma and Grandpa Bishop married? Is there someone born in the same state as you? Set a deadline, and then gather the family together to judge the results. If you wish, you can award prizes to the people who get the most answers correct, and the booklets themselves make nice reunion souvenirs. Family Tree Wall Chart Create a large family tree chart to display on a wall, including as many generations of the family as possible. Family members can use it to fill in the blanks and correct any inaccurate information. Wall charts are popular with reunion attendees as they help people visualize their place within the family. The finished product also provides a great source of genealogical information. Heritage Cookbook Invite attendees to submit favorite family recipes- from their own family or one passed down from a distant ancestor. Ask them to include details on, memories of and a photo (when available) of the family member best known for the dish. The collected recipes can then be turned into a wonderful family cookbook. This also makes a great fundraising project for the following years reunion. Memory Lane Storytime A rare opportunity to hear interesting and funny stories about your family, a storytelling hour can really encourage family memories. If everyone agrees, have someone audiotape or videotape this session. Tour of the Past If your family reunion is held near where the family originated, then schedule a trip to the old family homestead, church or cemetery. You can use this as an opportunity to share family memories, or go a step further and recruit the clan to clean up the ancestral cemetery plots or research the family in old church records (be sure to schedule with the pastor in advance). This is a particularly special activity when many members are attending from out-of-town. Family History Skits and Reenactments Using stories from your own family history, have groups of attendees develop skits or plays that will retell the tales at your family reunion. You can even stage these reenactments at places that are of importance to your family such as homes, schools, churches, and parks (see Tour into the Past above). Non-actors can get into the fun by modeling vintage clothing or ancestral outfits. Oral History Odyssey Find someone with a video camera who is willing to interview members of the family. If the reunion is in honor of a special event (such as Grandma and Grandpas 50th Anniversary), ask people to talk about the guest(s) of honor. Or, ask questions on other select memories, such as growing up on the old homestead. Youll be surprised how differently people remember the same place or event. Memorabilia Table Set up a table for attendees to bring and display treasured family memorabilia- historic photos, military medals, old jewelry, family bibles, etc. Be sure all items are carefully labeled and the table is always hosted.

Computer Forensics - Case Portfolio Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Computer Forensics - Portfolio - Case Study Example Digital evidences are regarded as different types of electronic information and are considered as vital proofs for evaluating any criminal incidence. This type of information is stored, received and shared by electronic devices. Digital evidences can exist in several formats such as text, graphics, audio and video among others. The digital evidence has been acquired when the electronic devices are seized. The digital evidence that has been found in the crime scene was WDD hard disk, USB flash drive, compact disk (CDs) and central processing units (CPUs) (see fig 1). Hard Disk. Hard disk is basically a read/write storage media which is used for collecting, storing, retrieving and accessing information. It is regarded as vital source of proof for the crime because the system files and other operating files are stored in hard disk. Hence, in order to investigate the crime conducted by Mr. Didit, the hard disk has been sized (see fig 2), as it probably provide certain valuable proof (Mukasey et al., 2008). CD. CD is regarded as the other important digital information source. It is basically a replicate of the original information and is used as permanent storage media. Thus, the information in CD is believed to be of highly important for Mr. Didit to be stored and thus, has been acquired for the purpose of digital evidence (see fig b3) (Mukasey et al., 2008). USB Flash Drive. USB flash drive is a small portable and high capacity electronic storage media. Unlike hard disk, USB drives connect to the computer through Universal Serial Bus port. USB flash drive has gained much popularity because of its storage capability and rapid access of data. The USB flash drive can also store information regarding any works and therefore regarded as valuable evidence for this criminal case (Mukasey et al., 2008). CPU. CPU is a case that contains electronic elements such as memory, processor and hard drive among

CLIMATE CHANGE AN OUTCOME OF ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS Essay

CLIMATE CHANGE AN OUTCOME OF ANTHROPOGENIC FACTORS - Essay Example The Intergovernmental panel on climate change at the Kyoto protocol determined in 2007 that â€Å"most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations† [2]. Furthermore, based on the assumption that significant anthropogenic warming has taken place over the past 50 years over each continent except Antartica, it has been concluded that anthropogenic climate change is having a significant impact on physical and bilogical systems globally [3]. Climate change is occuring on all continents and in most oceans. Changes in the natural system since 1970 have been occuring where temperature increase has taken place. These changes cannot be explained by natural climate variations alone. This implies that climate change is primarily attributable to anthropogenic factors. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) conclude that the earth is warming and tha t humans are probably the cause. Technologies to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and strategies for carbon sequestraion have been found to be essential as species extinction has been found to be related to climate warming [4].